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# Blu-ray Laser Microscope
In a way, CD-ROM and Blu-Ray drives already function like microscopes, using lasers to read the microscopic pits and lands on the surface of a CD or DVD. In the case of a Blu-Ray drive, an ultra precise blue (technically closer to violet in color) laser with a wavelength of 405 nanometers is focused on the surface of a disc, and how effectively that light is reflected back to the drive’s optical pickup unit determines whether a one or a zero has been detected.
In a way, CD-ROM and Blu-Ray drives already function like microscopes, using lasers to read the microscopic pits and lands on the surface of a CD or DVD. In the case of a Blu-Ray drive, an ultra precise blue (technically closer to violet in color) laser with a wavelength of 405 nanometers is focused on the surface of a disc, and how effectively that light is reflected back to the drive’s optical pickup unit determines whether a one or a zero has been detected.
<img src="./images/2_opu.jpg">*Combined CD/DVD and Blu-ray optical pickup unit used in the project (BDP-10G)*</img>
<img src="./images/2_opu.jpg" width="560" height="315">
But the sensors in the optical pickup unit can actually measure a wider range of light intensities—not just on or off— which facilitates a Blu-Ray drive’s error correction capabilities, and allows for the hardware to be repurposed for other uses. This is about repurposing a Blu-Ray pickup to build a simple scanning laser microscope.
<img src="./images/2a_opu.jpg">*CD/DVD/Blu-ray drive with pickup from Samsung BD-J5900*</img>
*Combined CD/DVD and Blu-ray optical pickup unit used in the project (BDP-10G)*
But the sensors in the optical pickup unit can actually measure a wider range of light intensities—not just on or off— which facilitates a Blu-Ray drive’s error correction capabilities, and allows for the hardware to be repurposed for other uses. This is about repurposing a Blu-Ray pickup to build a simple scanning laser microscope.
<img src="./images/2a_opu.jpg" width="560" height="315">
*CD/DVD/Blu-ray drive with pickup from Samsung BD-J5900*
A couple of custom-designed and manufactured plastic parts create a scanning bed for a sample that could move back in forth in one Y-direction (frame), while the laser itself shifted back and forth in x-direction (lines) by its surrounding "voice" coils.
<img src="./images/scanbed1.jpg" width="560" height="315">
*Scanning bed with electronics*
The closeup of an optical pickup unit(OPU) clearly shows the voice coils used for scanning in X-direction (lines) and Z-direction (focus)
<img src="./images/BDP10.png" width="560">
*Closeup of the BDP10G pickup unit used in the project*
A couple of custom-designed and manufactured plastic parts create a scanning bed for a sample that could move back in forth in one Y-direction (frame), while the laser itself shifted back and forth in x-direction (lines) by its surrounding "voice" coils.
<img src="./images/scanbed1.jpg">*Scanning bed with electronics*</img>
Unlike an optical microscope, where the entirely of an object is imaged at once, a scanning laser microscope takes light intensity measurements in increments, moving across an object in a grid and assembling a magnified image pixel by pixel.
A browser-based user interface written in HTML an Java Script allows to operate the device over WLAN.
<img src="./images/onion480x480.PNG" width="560">
*Web interface of Blu-ray microscope, showing onion cells*
A browser-based user interface written in HTML an Java Script allows to operate the device over WLAN.
<img src="./images/onion480x480.png">*Web interface of Blu-ray microscope, showing onion cells*</img>
---
## Preparing The Microscope
@@ -46,22 +30,20 @@ A browser-based user interface written in HTML an Java Script allows to operate
---
## Watch Videos to Learn More
In Part 1 you will see how I re-engineered an optical pickup unit from a broken Blu-ray player so that it can be used for a laser scanning microscope.
In Part one you will learn how I re-engineered an optical pickup unit from a broken Blu-ray player so that it can be used for a laser scanning microscope.
<a href="https://youtu.be/liGuhbFh4IQ" alt="DIY Blu-Ray Laser Scanning Microscope #1: Making a Laser Microphone">
<img width="560" height="315" src="https://i9.ytimg.com/vi_webp/liGuhbFh4IQ/mqdefault.webp?v=636dfcfd&sqp=CPSP_54G&rs=AOn4CLCRRfWlJ2_5ZDGoImf5y4xb2nhfEQ"></img>
</a>
<img width="560" height="315" src="./images/part1.webp"></img>
</a>
---
Part 2 is about a working prototype that builds on the existing CD/DVD/Blu-ray drive I salvaged from the Blu-ray player.
Part 2 is about a working prototype that builds on the existing CD/DVD/Blu-ray drive I salvaged from the Blu-ray player.
<a href="https://youtu.be/Hkialty_8K4" alt="DIY Blu-Ray Laser Scanning Microscope #2: Shooting Images">
<img width="560" height="315" src="https://i9.ytimg.com/vi/Hkialty_8K4/mqdefault.jpg?v=6399f732&sqp=CKSZ_54G&rs=AOn4CLDJEHFbHo7iL0mKpUGCELmE1IDtrQ"></img>
<img width="560" height="315" src="./images/part2.jpg"></img>
</a>
---
Part 3 shows how to build an improved version of the microscope from 3D printed parts and how to use it.
<a href="https://youtu.be/xfuWbnMYOos" alt="DIY Blu-Ray Laser Scanning Microscope #3: Improvements And Tests">
<img width="560" height="315" src="https://i9.ytimg.com/vi_webp/xfuWbnMYOos/mqdefault.webp?v=63df8991&sqp=CNCb_54G&rs=AOn4CLAXFDF4tloAdsORtyXk3GeD_Mqpsw"></img>
</a>
<img width="560" height="315" src="./images/part3.webp"></img>
</a>